Highway Death Toll Takes Troubling Turn: Up 8.1% This Year
The death toll on U.S. highways rose 8.1 percent in the first half of 2015 as low fuel prices contributed to a jump in miles driven by Americans, according to new figures from the Transportation Department.
The preliminary figures represent a “troubling departure” from a general downward trend over the past decade, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration said in a report released Tuesday. In 2014, the fatality rate hit an all-time low.
“These numbers are a call to action,” U.S. Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx said in an e-mailed statement. “Everyone with a responsibility for road safety — the federal, state and local governments, law enforcement, vehicle manufacturers, safety advocates and road users — needs to reassess our efforts to combat threats to safety.”
Americans drove about 51.9 billion miles more in the first half of 2015 than the same period last year, about a 3.5 percent increase, NHTSA said. Job growth and low fuel prices also may be factors in the sudden, unexpected surge in highway fatalities, the agency said. There was also more leisure travel and driving by young people, which can contribute to higher fatality rates.
However, the death rate also increased. Fatalities per million vehicle-miles driven rose in the first half of 2015 was 1.06 percent, or 4.4 percent higher than the same period in 2014.
In final figures for 2014, 32,675 people died in U.S. motor-vehicle crashes, a 0.1 percent decline from 2013. The fatality rate declined to 1.07 deaths per million vehicle-miles traveled, which was a record low for a complete year.
There were significant regional differences in fatalities so far this year, as states in the Southeast — Florida, Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina and Tennessee — saw a 15 percent increase. The second highest increase, 11 percent, was recorded in a group of Western states: Montana, Idaho, Oregon and Washington. By contrast, California and Arizona saw no increase in fatalities, and the New England region saw an increase of 1 percent.
The biggest factors in traffic fatalities remain the lack of seat-belt use and drunken driving. Nearly half of all people killed in road crashes aren’t wearing seat belts, and one-third of all fatalities are in crashes involve intoxicated drivers.
Distracted driving accounted for 3,179 deaths in 2014, about 10 percent of the total. Drowsy driving was involved in 2.6 percent of the fatalities.
States without mandatory motorcycle helmet laws saw a “far higher” number of fatalities than states with such laws, the agency said. There were 1,565 motorcycle deaths in 2014, it said.
Bicyclist deaths declined by 2.3 percent, but pedestrian deaths rose by 3.1 percent from the previous year. In 2014, there were 726 cyclists and 4,884 pedestrians killed in motor vehicle crashes.
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